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Among 33 types of listed cancers worldwide, lung cancer with 2.2 million cases (12.2% of total cancer cases) ranks second next only to breast cancer. Globally, Turkey, with overall rate of 40.0 (41,264 cases), ranks 5th among top 10 countries in lung cancer. Currently used therapeutic agents and approaches have considerable side effects, and hence, there is a need for alternative agents for effective management of lung cancer. In this study, we explored the in vitro cytotoxic, antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities of Mentha x piperita L. (peppermint) essential oil in human non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cells. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay, morphological changes were determined by confocal microscopy and apoptosis promoting action was determined by flow cytometry technique. Peppermint essential oil found to effectively decrease the viability of non-small cell lung cancer cells and IC50 value was detected at low concentrations (2.12%) for 24 h. In addition, peppermint essential oil was found to alter the morphology of A549 cells, leading to changes that could describe programmed cell death. Apoptosis was the triggered cell death by Mentha x piperita essential oil. Results reveal that Mentha x piperita essential oil has antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic properties which could be attributed to the bioactive phytochemical contents and has the potential to be used as an anticancer agent and chemotherapeutic drug.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of peppermint decoction spray on thirst distress and quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure.Methods:By convenient sampling method, a total of 122 chronic heart failure patients admitted to Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital from January to September 2020 were enrolled, who were assigned to experimental group and control group, 61 cases, respectively. Routine nursing and volume management were implemented in the two groups. The control group was treated with pure water spray, while the experimental group implemented peppermint decoction spray therapy, continuous treatment for 10 days. The clinical effect was assessed by Thirst Distress Scale for Patients with Heart Failure (TDS-HF) and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), respectively.Results:After 5 days and 10 days of treatment, the scores of TDS-HF were (12.80 ± 3.29) and (11.82 ± 2.63) in the experimental group, lower than that in the control group (15.29 ± 4.26) and (14.26 ± 3.74), the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.48, 4.04, both P<0.01); after 10 days of treatment, the physical dimension, emotional dimension and total MLHFQ scores were (56.12 ± 9.22), (51.21 ± 12.83) and (52.18 ± 6.09) in the experimental group, higher than that in the control group (50.82 ± 9.84), (49.10 ± 11.72) and (47.83 ± 5.44), the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.96, 3.53, 4.02, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Peppermint decoction spray therapy can effectively alleviate thirst distress and promote quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure.
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The freeze-drying technique, characterized by low-temperature processing, is especially suitable for sensitive volatile oils with thermal instability. However, there are few studies focusing on the retention of volatile oils in the processing of freeze-dried preparations. This study evaluated the effects of different addition methods(adsorption, emulsification, solid dispersion, and inclusion) on the retention rate of the main components in peppermint oil, aiming to explore the application feasibility of freeze-dried preparations of volatile oils. Firstly, the addition method was determined based on the retention rates of menthol in four freeze-dried preparations. Secondly, an orthogonal test was designed to optimize the preparation process based on the characteristics of the preferred addition method. The results showed that the most suitable preparation form of peppermint oil was inclusion with beta-cyclodextrin(β-CD), and the retention rate of menthol in freeze-drying was 86.36%. According to the two-step preparation process of inclusion and freeze-drying, we introduced the product of inclusion rate and retention rate, i.e., comprehensive retention rate, to determine the optimum processing parameters. The results showed that β-CD/oil ratio of 7∶1, inclusion temperature of 40 ℃, and inclusion time of 2 h were the optimum processing parameters. The product prepared with these parameter had the comprehensive retention rate of 68.41%, retention rate of 92.53%, and inclusion rate of 73.93%. The inclusion compound was white powder with significantly increased solubility. The pre-paration process based on cyclodextrin inclusion in this study is stable and reliable and provides a new idea for ensuring the efficacy and stability of volatile components in freeze-dried preparations.
Subject(s)
Cyclodextrins , Freeze Drying , Mentha piperita , Oils, Volatile , Plant Oils , Solubility , TechnologyABSTRACT
The current study was carried out to examine in-vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and antibiofilm efficacy of Peppermint essential oil (PEO) for its potential application in meat products. Antimicrobial activity was measured by using zone inhibition assay (ZOI) and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against ten food borne pathogens including four Gram-positive viz. Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus and six Gram-negative viz. Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa whereas antioxidant assay was measured using 1,1 diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2-2- azinobis-3 ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity. Maximum zone size was observed for Proteus mirabilis whereas, MIC values ranged from 5000-20000 ppm for all tested organisms. The oil was found to be more effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Antibiofilm activity (%) was also performed against pure cultures of two pathogens i.e. Listeria monocytogenes and Proteus mirabilis as positive control. The results exhibited that with application of PEO, biofilm formation of both Listeria monocytogenes and Proteus mirabilis was inhibited by 45.80% and 73.01%, respectively in contrast to their respective controls. ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity of PEO was measured at five different concentrations and values were ranging from 17.24-49.07% for ABTS whereas 35.16 – 60.70% for DPPH under investigation. It can be concluded that peppermint essential oil possesses potent antimicrobial, antioxidant and antibiofilm activity and can be further used as a natural alternative for preservation in meat industry
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BACKGROUND: Our preliminary studies have established a rabbit model of knee osteoarthritis using gypsum wire fixation, but the model of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome of knee osteoarthritis has not been prepared. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of establishing a rabbit model of yang deficiency and cold coagulation using peppermint oil and climate chamber, to lay the foundation for future research. METHODS: Thirty-two experimental animals were randomly divided into normal group, model group, yang deficiency group and yang deficiency-cold coagulation group. Except for the normal group, the rabbit knee joints were fixed with plaster fixator brake method for 8 weeks. The yang deficiency group was given daily perfusion of peppermint oil for 2 weeks at the beginning of the 7th week of fixation. In the yang deficiency-cold coagulation group, the rabbits were placed in a climate chamber at 4 °C for 1.5 hours every day, and given daily perfusion of peppermint oil after 6 weeks of braking. After 7 and 14 days of intragastric administration, the serum level of thyrotropin (T4) was detected by ELISA. After 8 weeks of modeling, the articular cartilage, meniscus and synovium were taken for histological scoring. Animal behaviors were observed, and body surface temperature was detected using an infrared thermal imager. The experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (approval No. IACUC-20170222026). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For behavior observation, the symptoms of yang deficiency-cold coagulation appeared in the yang deficiency-cold coagulation group. The plantar temperature of the yang deficiency-cold coagulation was lower than that of the normal and model groups (P < 0.05). The serum T4 level was lower in the yang deficiency group and yang deficiency-cold coagulation group than the normal group (P < 0.05). The Mankin scores of the knee joints in two yang deficiency groups were both higher than that in the normal group (P < 0.05) but lower than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the meniscus and synovial membrane indicated the yang deficiency group and the yang deficiency-cold coagulation group had no significant difference from the model group. Histomorphological findings elucidated that the peppermint oil with climate box contributes to simulating the disease state to a certain extent, which can provide a reference for establishing the rabbit knee osteoarthritis model of yang deficiency-cold coagulation type.
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Background: Many medical students are dealing with day to day stress in their lives and they need to be both physically and mentally active to counter and overcome their daily problems. In such scenario, a non-pharmacological adjunct could prove useful to counter all of it so that they can work more efficiently. Many universities do recommend the use of peppermints and chewing gums. This study is conducted to see if any of these items actually have an influence on cognitive and physical abilities.Methods: A non-randomized controlled trial was performed on the undergraduate medical students of N.K.P. Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre belonging to the age group of 18-21 years. They were given normal flavoured gum, mint flavoured gum and peppermint. A series of cognitive and physiological tests in both stressful and stress free environments were performed.Results: Consumption of peppermint in a stressful environment showed increase in attention span of the subjects and it increased the intelligence Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-R (WAIS-R) in both stress free and stressful environments. As compared to normal gum, peppermint and peppermint gum proved to be more effective. There was no significant change observed in alertness, reaction time, arithmetic ability, short term memory and fatigue index in any of the subjects.Conclusions: Peppermint has caused increase in the attention span and intelligence of medical students in a stressful work scenario. Peppermint gum was found to be more beneficial than normal gum.
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OBJECTIVE： To prepare the Peppermint oil moisturizing microemulsion for nasal mucosa and survey its mucosal adhesion and cilia toxicity. METHODS： The polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil was used as emulsifier to prepare the Peppermint oil moisturizing microemulsion for nasal mucosa， and the preparation technology was optimized on the basis of comprehensive score by orthogonal design. The microemulsion was characterized and the menthol content was determined by GC. The mucosal adhesion was evaluated by measuring the transport rate by cilia in vivo， and the cilia toxicity of microemulsion was evaluated by measuring the sustained movement time of cilia in vitro. RESULTS： The optimal preparation technology of self-made microemulsion was to firstly disperse the peppermint oil and the emulsifier， then add anhydrous ethanol， edible glycerin and distilled water， and stir at 1 200 r/min for 2 h. The average contents of menthol in the three batches of the microemulsion were 2.682， 2.507 and 2.496 mg/mL （RSD＝2.89％，n＝3）， respectively. The cilia transport rates in vivo were （0.65±0.01）， （0.78±0.03）and （0.92±0.04） cm/min in high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose groups of self-made microemulsion （2.561， 0.256， 0.128 mg/mL of menthol） respectively， which were significantly lower than normal saline group and compound menthol nasal droups （P＜0.05）. The cilia movement time in vitro were（206.7±4.9）， （226.0±13.5）， （269.3±12.9）min， which were significantly longer than sodium deoxycholate group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： The preparation technology of self-made microemulsion is easy-to-handle and controllable in quality. The prepared microemulsion shows good mucosal adhesion without cilia toxicity．
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard for Compound Lavandula angustifolia ointment. METHODS:TLC was used for the qualitative identification of ethanol extract from Scutellaria baicalensis and volatile oil of L. angustifolia. GC method was used for qualitative identification of dementholized peppermint oil. GC method was used to determine the content of menthol. The determination was performed on Agilent DB-WAX capillary column,with temperature programming. The injector temperature was 250℃,and the temperature of detector was 250℃.The injection volume was 1 μL and the split ratio was 5:1 by split sampling. RESULTS:TLC spots of ethanol extract of S. baicalensis and volatile oil of L. angustifolia were clear and well-repeated without interference from negative control. The chromatographic peaks in TLC of test samples of dementholized peppermint oil had same retention time as that of substance control.The linear range of menthol injection amount was 0.113 4-1.133 5μg (r=0.999 4). RSDs of precision,intra-day precision,stability and reproducibility tests were not higher than 2.0%. The recoveries were 95.40%-99.82%(RSD=1.61%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:Established quality standard can be used for the quality control of Compound L.angustifolia ointment.
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OBJECTIVES: The main objectives of this study were to verify the antibacterial activity of two essential oils, lavender and peppermint, against dental caries and to review their synergistic effect when used in combination. Our results provide basic data for the evaluation of the use of these two substances towards the prevention and cure of dental caries. METHODS: The sample solutions of lavender and peppermint oils were prepared in three different concentrations (30%, 50%, and 70% (v/v)) by diluting them with third-distilled water and Tween 20. Streptococcus mutans was selected as the bacterial species for testing. The disk diffusion method was used to measure the antibacterial activity of the sample solutions. For generating growth curves and measuring the number of clusters of the bacterial, the liquid medium-dilution method was used; the absorbance of the medium was measured at 600 nm after 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours. RESULTS: When the antibacterial activity of the oils was tested via the disk diffusion method, the activity improved with increasing concentrations of all the sample solutions of peppermint, lavender, and the blend, but there was no significant difference between them with respect to the type of oil. In the growth curves of S. mutans, growth inhibition was observed after 12 hours. The inhibitory effect of 30% lavender oil on growth was 64.9% and 80.1% after 12 and 24 hours of treatment, respectively whereas that of peppermint oil was 71.3% and 80.1% after 12 and 24 hours of treatment, respectively. The inhibitory effect of the blended oil was 71.9% and 81.0% after 12 and 24 hours of treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is still required in order to determine the efficacy of lavender and peppermint oils, as well as other essential oils, for wider use in preventing dental caries.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Diffusion , Lavandula , Mentha piperita , Methods , Oils , Oils, Volatile , Polysorbates , Streptococcus mutans , Streptococcus , WaterABSTRACT
Species of the genus Mentha produce essential oils which are widely used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Current study evaluates the potential for in vitro propagation and estimates mass production of plantlets of Mentha species. Nine species (M. piperita, M. suaveolens, M. canadensis, M. longiflora, M. aquatica, M. arvensis, Mentha x gracilis, M. gracilis and M. spicata) were propagated with five successive 30-day subcultures in MS medium supplemented with NAA (0.05 µM) and BAP (4.4 µM). Shoots were rooted in MS with IBA, IAA or NAA (0.0; 0.25; 0.5; 2.5 or 5.0 µM). The rooted plantlets were finally acclimatized in a greenhouse. Studied species increased in multiplication rates between 4.2 and 9.0-fold per month. M. piperita, M. longiflora, M. arvensis, M. x gracilis and M. gracilis showed the greatest potential for plantlet production since the estimated production varied between 6,000 and 27,000 plantlets after five 30-days subcultures. The addition of auxin to the medium did not influence root induction. However, IAA at a concentration of 5 µM provided the best results for root length and fresh weight, with averages 11.1 cm and 0.16 g, respectively. Survival of plantlets reached 100% during the greenhouse acclimatization process.
Espécies do gênero Mentha produzem óleos essenciais largamente usados na indústria farmacêutica e de cosméticos. O estudo avaliou o potencial de propagação in vitro e estimou a produção de mudas de espécies de menta. Nove espécies (M. piperita, M. suaveolens, M. canadensis, M. longiflora, M. aquatica, M. arvensis, Mentha x gracilis, M. gracilis e M. spicata) foram propagadas por até cinco sucessivos subcultivos de 30 dias em meio de MS adicionado de ANA (0,05 µM) e BAP (4,4 µM). Os brotos foram enraizados em meio de MS com AIB, AIA ou ANA (0,0; 0,25; 0,5; 2,5 ou 5,0 µM). Finalmente, as mudas foram aclimatizadas em casa de vegetação. As espécies estudadas apresentaram aumentos nas taxas de multiplicação, variando entre 4,2 e 9,0 vezes por mês. M. piperita, M. longiflora, M. arvensis, M. x gracilis e M. gracilis mostraram os melhores potenciais para propagação, uma vez que a produção variou entre 6.000 e 27.000 mudas após cinco subcultivos de 30 dias. A adição de auxina no meio não influenciou a indução de raízes. Entretanto, o AIA na concentração de 5 µM promoveu os melhores resultados quanto ao comprimento e massa fresca das raízes, com médias de 11,1 cm e 0,16 g, respectivamente. No processo de aclimatização houve 100% de sobrevivência das mudas.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal , In Vitro Techniques , MenthaABSTRACT
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of peppermint oil capsules combined with domperi-done in the treatment of bile reflux gastritis(BRG)after gastric surgery.Methods Totally 47 patients with BRG after gastric surgery were treated with peppermint oil capsule (0.9g,tid)and domperidone(10mg,tid).Each patient's gas-troscopic manifestations and histopathology were rechecked after 4 weeks.The efficacy was observed on the improve-ment of symptoms and gastric mucosal injury,and on the reduction of bile reflux.Results 42 patients attained satis-factory therapeutic effect with the total efficiency rate of 89.4%.No adverse effects during the treatment period. Conclusion Peppermint oil capsules combined with domperidone shows better efficacy in treatment of BRG after gastric surgery.
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Objective: To optimize the preparation of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion compound of forsythia oil and peppermint oil using the colloid mill method. Methods: With recovery ratio and inclusion rate of volatile oil-β-CD as evaluation indexes, the single factor test combining Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to study the effects of β-CD-pure water ratio, β-CD-volatile oil ratio, and inclusion time on the inclusion process of volatile oil. Using TLC, IR spectrum, and microscopic image, the inclusion complexes were confirmed. Results: The optimum preparation conditions of inclusion compound were as follows: β-CD-pure water ratio was 1:3, mixture of forsythia oil and peppermint oil-β-CD ratio was 1:9, and the inclusion time was 25 min. The formation of inclusion complex was preliminary proved by TLC, IR spectrum, and microscopic image. Conclusion: The method is reasonable and feasible.
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Objective To consummate a method of quality control of peppermint water .Methods Thin layer chromatog-raphy was used for the identification of peppermint oil .Gas chromatography was used for the determination of mentholum . Results The identification of peppermint oil was highly specific by TLC .The linear range of mentholum was from 5 .0-80 .0 μg/ml ,r=0 .999 9 .The average recovery of mentholum was 103 .16% and RSD was 1 .81% .Conclusion These methods were easy to operate with accurate results ,which washigh sensitivity andgoodrepeatability .This quality standard could effective-ly control the quality of peppermint water .
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A micropropagação é uma técnica muitas vezes indicada para a multiplicação em larga escala de plantas com propriedades medicinais. Dentre elas, destaca-se a hortelã-pimenta (Mentha x Piperita L.), cujo óleo essencial é utilizado no tratamento de transtornos digestivos e respiratórios. Para otimizar o protocolo de micropropagação dessa espécie são necessários estudos, principalmente quanto à suplementação do meio de cultura para garantir a produção massal in vitro e posterior extração do óleo essencial. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de concentrações e combinações de reguladores de crescimento vegetal na morfogênese in vitro de hortelã-pimenta. Segmentos nodais provenientes de plântulas estabelecidas in vitro foram utilizados como fonte de explante e inoculados em meio de cultura MS suplementado com 0; 2,0 e 4,0 mg L-1 de BAP (6-benzilaminopurina), 0; 0,5 e 1,5 mg L-1 de ANA (ácido naftaleno-acético) e 0; 0,5 e 1,0 mg L-1 de GA3 (ácido giberélico). O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, com os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 3x3x3 com oito repetições. Concluiu-se que o BAP favoreceu a sobrevivência de segmentos nodais de M. x Piperita inoculados in vitro e, quando combinado ao GA3, promoveu a brotação dos explantes. Essas características, no entanto, não foram estimuladas pela adição de ANA ao meio de cultura. Conclui-se que após a multiplicação dos brotos in vitro estes devem ser transferidos para meio sem reguladores para seu desenvolvimento. Apesar dos efeitos benéficos do BAP na organogênese de M. x Piperita, elevadas concentrações deste regulador de crescimento vegetal promoveram a formação de calos.
Micropropagation is a technique used for the large-scale production of medicinal plants. Among them, peppermint (Mentha x piperita L.) may be mentioned because of the pharmacological importance of its essential oil, which is used on the treatment of digestive and respiratory disorders. Studies are needed in order to optimize the micropropagation protocol of this species, especially concerning the culture medium, to ensure the in vitro mass clonal production and to enable the future extraction of the plant essential oil. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the effects of concentrations and combinations of different plant growth regulators on the in vitro morphogenesis of peppermint. Nodal segments from plantlets already established in vitro were used as explants and inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1 of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 0, 0.5 and 1.5 mg L-1 of NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) and 0; 0.5 and 1.0 mg L-1 of GA3 (gibberellic acid). The experiment was in a completely randomized design, set up as a 3x3x3 factorial design with eight replicates. We concluded that BAP increases the survival rate of in vitro inoculated nodal segments of M. x piperita. In addition, its combination with GA3 stimulates explants shooting. Those aspects, however, are not promoted by the addition of NAA into the culture medium. Also, the results indicate that, after in vitro multiplication, peppermint shoots must be transferred to another medium without plant growth regulators for shoot elongation. High concentrations of BAP promote calli induction, despite having beneficial effects on the organogenesis of M. piperita.
Subject(s)
In Vitro Techniques/instrumentation , Mentha piperita/growth & development , Tissue Culture Techniques/methods , Cytokinins/analysis , Gibberellins/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do óleo de hortelã-pimenta (Mentha piperita L) no tratamento de indivíduos com síndrome do intestino irritável (SII), analisando a melhora dos sintomas e da qualidade de vida. Métodos: Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados Trip database, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guidelines finder, Cochrane Library, Dare, Bandolier e Medline utilizando os termos MeSH Irritable bowel syndrome e peppermint oil. Foram incluídas normas de orientação clínica (NOC), revisões sistemáticas e metanálises e ensaios clínicos aleatorizados e controlados (ECAC) que avaliassem a eficácia do óleo de hortelã-pimenta (OHP) no alívio sintomático ou melhoria da qualidade de vida de indivíduos com SII, quando comparado com placebo ou outra terapêutica validada. Resultados e Discussão: Foram selecionados 8 artigos (5 NOC, 3 revisões sistemáticas/metanálises). A evidência sugere que o OHP é eficaz no alívio sintomático global da SII, especialmente quando existe dor abdominal, verificando-se a sua superioridade em relação ao placebo na maioria dos estudos avaliados com odds ratio favorecendo o óleo de hortelã-pimenta atingindo 2,7 (IC de 95% de 1,6 a 4,8) e NNT de 3. Existe também evidência de melhoria da qualidade de vida com o OHP, em comparação com o placebo (p<0,001). Conclusão: A evidência demonstra eficácia do OHP na SII, especialmente quando existe um componente de dor abdominal, quando comparado com o placebo (força de recomendação B). São necessários mais estudos com qualidade metodológica que avaliem eficácia e segurança a longo prazo do OHP no alívio sintomático da SII.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of peppermint oil (Mentha piperita L.) on individuals diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) regarding symptom improvement and quality of life enhancement. Methods: Literature search was conducted according to evidence based on methodology review at Trip database, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guidelines finder, Cochrane Library, Dare, Bandolier and Medline, as well as using the MeSH index terms "Irritable bowel syndrome" and "peppermint oil". We selected practice guidelines, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials that evaluated peppermint oil (PO) efficacy in improving symptoms and/or quality of life when compared to placebo or other approved therapy for IBS. Results and Discussion: A total of eight articles were selected including five practice guidelines and three systematic reviews/ meta-analysis. Existing evidence suggests that there are enough data to support the use of peppermint oil in IBS for overall symptomatic relief, especially when abdominal pain is the dominant symptom, when compared to placebo (with an odds ratio of 2.7; CI 95%, 1.6 to 4.8 and NNT of 3). There is also evidence regarding overall quality of life improvement when using PO compared to placebo (p<0.001). Conclusion: So far, evidence suggests that PO should be considered for IBS patients, especially in the presence of abdominal pain (Strength of recommendation B). However, more high methodological quality studies that evaluate long-term efficacy and security of PO are needed.
Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia del aceite de menta (Mentha piperita L.) en el tratamiento de pacientes con síndrome del intestino irritable (SII) y analizar el alivio de sus síntomas y la mejora en su calidad de vida. Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos Trip database, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guidelines finder, Cochrane Library, Dare, Bandolier y Medline usando los términos MeSH "Irritable bowel syndrome" y "peppermint oil". Se incluyeron las normas de orientación clínica (NOC), revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis y ensayos clínicos controlados aleatorizados (ECAC) para evaluar la eficacia del aceite de menta (AM) en el alivio sintomático y mejora de la calidad de vida de las personas con SII en comparación con el placebo u otra terapia validada. Resultados y Discusión: Se seleccionaron ocho estudios (cinco NOC y tres revisiones sistemáticas/meta-análisis). La evidencia sugiere que el AM es eficaz en el alivio de los síntomas generales del SII, en particular si había dolor abdominal, verificandose su superioridad sobre el placebo en la mayoría de los estudios evaluados (odds ratio de 2,7; IC 95% de 1,6 a 4,8 y NNT de 3). Hubo también evidencia de mejora en la calidad de vida en los pacientes tratados con AM, en comparación con el placebo (p <0,001). Conclusión: Las pruebas demuestran la eficacia del AM en el SII, especialmente en presencia de dolor abdominal, en comparación con el placebo (fuerza de recomendación B). Se necesitan más estudios con buena calidad metodológica que evalúen la eficacia y la seguridad a largo plazo del AM en el alivio de los síntomas del SII.
Subject(s)
Mentha piperita , Plant Preparations/administration & dosage , Irritable Bowel Syndrome , Phytotherapy , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Volatiles from aqueous extract of peppermint commercial sachets were investigated through gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and GC/mass spectrometry (MS). Samples were prepared under similar conditions as in homemade tea. Volatiles were isolated using solid phase extraction method (SPE) with Porapak Q trap followed by desorption with acetone. Estimated mean values for short and medium chain carboxylic acids (C2- C12) and ketones lay in the range of 50-64 μg kg-1 whilst aliphatic alcohols and acyclic hydrocarbons had values lower than 6 μg kg-1. The major volatiles were terpenes (275-382 μg kg-1) that reached 89 % of the total composition. A total of 16 compounds, among them dodecane, acetoin, acetol, citral, geraniol and octanoic acid have been described by the first time in peppermint tea. These findings could be attributed to the different analytical approach employed, mainly to the use of different extraction/pre-concentration techniques. Given the apparently lower proportion of terpenes in the aqueous extract it may be that the chemical properties of the peppermint essential oil are not entirely reproduced with homemade tea.
Estudo da composição da fração volátil do extrato aquoso de sachês de hortelã pimenta (Mentha piperita L.) através da extração em fase sólida. O princípio desse trabalho foi investigar a fração volátil do extrato aquoso de sachês comerciais de hortelã pimenta usando cromatografia gasosa com detectores de ionização em chama e de massas. As amostras foram preparadas em condições similares às usadas para o preparo do chá caseiro. Os compostos voláteis foram isolados via método de extração em fase sólida com adsorvente Porapak Q e eluídos com acetona. Uma estimativa dos valores médios dos ácidos carboxílicos de cadeias média e curta ficou na faixa de 50-64 μg kg-1, enquanto alcoóis alifáticos e hidrocarbonetos acíclicos tiveram valores menores do que 6 μg kg-1. Os terpenos (275-382 μg kg-1) foram os compostos majoritários alcançando 89 % dos sólidos totais. Um total de 16 compostos voláteis, entre eles, dodecano, acetoína, acetol, citral, geraniol e ácido octanóico foram descritos pela primeira vez no chá de hortelã pimenta. Esses resultados poderiam ser atribuídos aos diferentes métodos analíticos empregados, principalmente devido ao uso de diferentes técnicas de extração e pré-concentração. Em função da proporção menor de terpenos no extrato aquoso é razoável especular que as propriedades químicas do óleo essencial da hortelã pimenta não sejam totalmente reproduzidas com o consumo do chá caseiro.
Subject(s)
Mentha piperita/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/analysis , Plant Extracts/analysis , Solid Phase Extraction/standards , Tea/chemistry , Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis , Carboxylic Acids/analysis , Flame Ionization , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Ketones/analysis , Mass Spectrometry/standards , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Terpenes/analysisABSTRACT
Objective: To find the efficacy of peppermint oil against selected bacterial pathogens and compare with their susceptibility towards antibiotics. Methods:Peppermint oil was evaluated for activity against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial assay was evaluated using agar well diffusion method and the viability of the organisms (MIC and MBC) was determined at different concentrations using broth dilution method. Results: Peppermint oil was found to be effective against all the gram positive and gram negative organisms tested. A progressive effect of antibacterial activity with increase in concentration of oil was observed. The test organisms were found to be inhibited by peppermint oil at lower concentration in broth dilution method as compared with agar diffusion method. When comparing the assessment of the inhibitory effect of peppermint oil, broth dilution was found to be more effective as compared with agar diffusion method. Except S. aureus, the remaining organisms tested in the present study were found to possess multiple drug resistance. However, peppermint oil was found to be effective against these bacterial strains studied. Conclusions:Hence, with such broad spectrum activity of peppermint oil, it can be further recommended in the treatment of the infections caused by these multi-drug resistant bacteria.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To optimize the including preparation for peppermint oil-β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) microsphere inclusion compound. Methods: Peppermint oil-β-CDP microsphere inclusion compound was prepared by using co-precipitation. The preparation process was optimized through the L9(34) orthogonal test design and regression analysis. Peppermint oil-β-CDP microsphere inclusion compound was characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results: The best technological condition was A 2B2C1D3, and the order of the influence factors was the proportion of β-CDP microsphere and water > the percentage of peppermint oil in β-CDP microsphere > inclusion temperature > inclusion time. The formation of peppermint oil β-CDP microspheres inclusion compound was proved by the results of IR, XRD, TGA analyses. Conclusion The method is reasonable and feasible.
ABSTRACT
Development of Mentha piperita L . on biosolids amended soil with levels equivalent to 0, 28, 56 and 112 t ha-1 was evaluated. In order to measure the productivity and its relation with mint essential oil yield, different indices were determined: leaf area, total and several organ dry matter, leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, net assimilation rate and relative growth rate at 30, 44, 58, 72 and 86 days after planting (DAP), and essential oil yield at 90, 110 and 120 DAP. Physiological indices revealed that biosolids prolonged the vegetative phase of the plants, which adapted themselves to the presence of biosolids with time. Plants showed inverse behaviors in relation to productivity, resulting from the primary metabolism, represented by the shoot dry matter yield, and oil yield, resulting from the secondary metabolism. Adaptation of the mint plants to the growth on biosolids could be due to a phytoremediation function of this species. The intrinsic mechanisms of these processes could be better understood in a further evaluation of residual effects in mint plant shoots.
Níveis de biossólido equivalentes a 0, 28, 56 e 112 t ha-1 foram avaliados no desenvolvimento de Mentha piperita L. Determinaram-se área foliar e matéria seca total e dos diferentes órgãos, os índices fisiológicos razão de área foliar, área foliar específica, taxa assimilatória líquida e taxa de crescimento relativo, aos 30, 44, 58, 72 e 86 dias após plantio (DAP) e o rendimento de óleo essencial aos 90, 110 e 120 DAP. Os índices fisiológicos revelaram que o biossólido prolongou a fase vegetativa das plantas, que se adaptaram com o tempo e apresentaram comportamentos inversos em relação à produtividade, resultado de seu metabolismo primário e representada pela produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e produção de óleo, resultado do metabolismo secundário. A referida adaptação das plantas de menta à presença do biossólido pode ser devido à função fitorremediadora dessa espécie, cujos mecanismos intrínsecos poderão ser melhor compreendidos na avaliação dos efeitos residuais em sua parte aérea.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastrointestinal peristalsis may hinder inspection of the gastrointestinal track or its treatment during endoscopy. Antispasmodic agents such as hyoscine-N-butylbromide are commonly administered before endoscopy for alleviating peristalsis, although it causes unwanted complications. Peppermint oil (PMO) has a spasmolytic effect on viscera and it has been used as an adjunctive remedy for some disorders. We evaluated the antispasmodic effect of PMO solution during gastroscopy, and we determined if there are any adverse effects. METHODS: 1.6% PMO solution was sprayed on the antrum of the examinees (n=40) during gastroscopy. Observation was performed 5 cm ahead of the pyloric ring to count the peristaltic waves for 3 minutes before and after spraying PMO. The intensity of peristalsis was graded from 0 (none) to 4 (severe), and the pulse rate of all the examinees was recorded every minute. RESULTS: The number of peristaltic contractions decreased after PMO spraying from 7.02+/-2.25 to 3.17+/-2.57 times/3 minutes (p<0.01). The peristaltic intensity also decreased from 3.15+/-1.18 to 1.34+/- \0.95 (p<0.01) with a difference of 1.80+/-1.29. On observing the examinees' pulse rates, using PMO did not induce tachycardia. No adverse effect during and after the investigation with PMO solution was reported. CONCLUSIONS: PMO showed a significant antispasmodic effect, and it reduced the number of peristaltic contractions and the intensity of gastric peristalsis. It also did not have any significant side effects. PMO solution may be used as an effective antispasmodic agent during gastroscopy.